Social Media and Eating Disorders

Social media and eating disorders are connected through the app design. Platforms use "persuasive architecture" designed to exploit the brain’s reward system, which is particularly sensitive during adolescence.

Features like infinite scroll and autoplay maximize the time users spend on the app. Those features eliminate a user’s natural, internal cues to stop using the app. Meanwhile, quantified feedback (likes and follower counts) creates a constant need for social validation that can lead to anxiety or depression.

Beauty filters and app-driven feeds distort reality. The distortion often triggers body dysmorphia or traps young users in harmful "rabbit holes." Being online all the time can shape beliefs about body image and influence self-esteem. It can also encourage unhealthy behaviors related to eating and weight.

Common eating disorders linked to social media use

The most commonly cited eating disorders related to social media use are:

• Anorexia nervosa
• Bulimia nervosa
• Binge eating disorder

Other related mental health conditions include:

• Addictive or compulsive platform use
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Self-harm
• Suicidal ideation

Social media influence on body image is one of the strongest ways platforms can affect eating behaviors. Users frequently compare themselves to curated, edited photos that create unrealistic beauty standards. Filters and photo-editing apps can distort expectations about appearance and create “filter dysmorphia.” This condition causes users to feel distressed by their unedited appearance.

Social media apps can intensify eating disorders by repeatedly exposing users to images that reinforce negative thoughts about food, weight and self-worth. These apps are designed to increase the number of images based on user engagement, perpetuating and intensifying the cycle.

Sleep disruptions from nighttime scrolling can worsen mood, increase exhaustion, and heighten body dissatisfaction. Over time, digital environments that focus on appearance can significantly affect overall well-being.

Eating disorders and social media statistics

Recent research shows that adolescents who use social media have an increased risk of developing symptoms of eating disorders.

• A 2024 study found that teens who used image-based platforms more frequently and felt they had to match online appearance standards were more likely to report symptoms of eating disorders.
• Another 2024 study looked at how early adolescents used social media. Research showed that the more time they used screens and social media, the higher the odds they restricted food or binged. And the more likely they were to worry about their weight and appearance.
• A 2025 review of a wide range of studies with more than 55,000 participants found a consistent pattern. It linked social media comparison with higher levels of body dissatisfaction and symptoms of eating disorders.
• Across the studies, young people who spent more time seeing appearance-heavy content were more vulnerable to negative mood changes, body image concerns and disordered eating patterns.

Taken together, these findings indicate a clear pattern. Social media that emphasizes appearance, comparison, and idealized imagery can contribute to the development or worsening of eating disorders in young users.

Warning signs that social media is affecting a young person’s eating behaviors or self-image can include:

• Changes in eating habits: Restricting food, skipping meals or following extreme diets learned online
• Preoccupation with appearance: Heavy use of filters, frequent photo retakes or distress about unedited photos
• Increased secrecy: Hidden accounts, private groups or disappearing messages
• Mood changes: Irritability, isolation or distress after spending time on social platforms
• Compulsive exercising: Following influencer workout routines excessively or feeling pressure to “earn food”

How parents can respond

Parents can help by staying connected to what their teens are seeing online. If problems arise, ask open-ended questions and offer your support. Discuss unrealistic beauty standards, filters and editing tools with your children. Finally, set healthy boundaries on how much time your child spends on social media. Consider seeking professional help when disordered eating patterns appear.

Families may have legal options related to eating-disorder harms connected to social media use. Lawsuits filed nationwide allege that major online platforms contributed to mental health harms through:

• Negligent design features
• Recommendation features that push harmful or appearance-based content
• Failure to safeguard minors
• Weak or misleading safety tools

Federal multidistrict litigation (MDL 3047) involves Meta Platforms (Facebook, Instagram), Snap Inc. (Snapchat), ByteDance (TikTok) and Google (YouTube).

Motley Rice represents families across the country, drawing on our experience in complex litigation involving product design and consumer harm. We proudly fight for young people and their families by suing tech companies for the harm they’ve inflicted. We are currently investigating claims involving social media and eating disorders.

Read more on our social media litigation experience.